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Kunst in huis? Nicole Karrèr maakt echt bijzonder mooie dingen
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Formats a disk or magnetic tape volume, writes a label on the volume, and leaves the disk empty except for the system files containing the structure information. All former contents of the disk are lost. Requires VOLPRO (volume protection) privilege for most INITIALIZE command operations. Format INITIALIZE device-name[:] volume-label 2 Parameters device-name[:] Specifies the name of the device on which the volume to be initialized is physically mounted. The device does not have to be allocated currently; however, allocating the device before initializing it is the recommended practice. volume-label Specifies the identification to be encoded on the volume. For a disk volume, you can specify a maximum of 12 ANSI characters; for a magnetic tape volume, you can specify a maximum of 6 alphanumeric characters. Letters are automatically changed to uppercase. DIGITAL strongly recommends that a disk volume label should only consist of alphanumeric characters, dollar signs ($), underscores (_), and hyphens (-). To use ANSI "a" characters on the volume label on magnetic tape, you must enclose the volume name in quotation marks (" "). For an explanation of ANSI "a" characters, see the description of the /LABEL qualifier. 2 Description The default format for disk volumes in the OpenVMS operating system is called the Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 2. The default for magnetic tape volumes is based on Level 3 of the ANSI standard for magnetic tape labels and file structure for informational interchange (ANSI X3.27-1978). The INITIALIZE command can also initialize disk volumes in the Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 format. You must have VOLPRO privilege to initialize a volume, except in the following cases: o A blank disk or magnetic tape volume; that is, a volume that has never been written o A disk volume that is owned by your current user identification code (UIC) or by the UIC [0,0] o A magnetic tape volume that allows write (W) access to your current UIC that was not protected when it was initialized After the volume is initialized and mounted, the SET SECURITY command may be used to modify the security profile. When the INITIALIZE command initializes a magnetic tape volume, it always attempts to read the volume. A blank magnetic tape can sometimes cause unrecoverable errors, such as the following: o An invalid volume number error message: %INIT-F-VOLINV, volume is invalid o A runaway magnetic tape (this frequently occurs with new magnetic tapes that have never been written or that have been run through verifying machines). You can stop a runaway magnetic tape only by setting the magnetic tape drive off line and by then putting it back on line. If this type of unrecoverable error occurs, you can initialize a magnetic tape successfully by repeating the INITIALIZE command from an account that has VOLPRO (volume protection) privilege and by specifying the following qualifier in the command: /OVERRIDE=(ACCESSIBILITY,EXPIRATION) This qualifier ensures that the INITIALIZE command does not attempt to verify any labels on the magnetic tape. If you have VOLPRO privilege, the INITIALIZE command initializes a disk without reading the ownership information. If you do not have VOLPRO privilege, the INITIALIZE command checks the ownership of the volume before initializing the disk. A blank disk or a disk with an incorrect format can sometimes cause a fatal drive error. If a blank disk or a disk with an incorrect format causes this type of error, you can initialize a disk successfully by repeating the INITIALIZE command with the /DENSITY qualifier from an account that has VOLPRO privilege. Many of the INITIALIZE command qualifiers allow you to specify parameters that can maximize input/output (I/O) efficiency. 2 Qualifiers /ACCESSED /ACCESSED=number-of-directories Affects Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 disks only. Specifies that, for disk volumes, the number of directories allowed in system space must be a value from 0 to 255. The default value is 3. /BADBLOCKS /BADBLOCKS=(area[,...]) Specifies, for disk volumes, faulty areas on the volume. The INITIALIZE command marks the areas as allocated so that no data is written in them. Possible formats for area are as follows: lbn[:count] Logical block number (LBN) of the first block and optionally a block count beginning with the first block, to be marked as allocated sec.trk.cyl[:cnt] Sector, track, and cylinder of the first block, and optionally a block count beginning with the first block, to be marked as allocated All media supplied by Digital and supported on the OpenVMS operating system, except diskettes and TU58 cartridges, are factory formatted and contain bad block data. The Bad Block Locator utility (BAD) or the diagnostic formatter EVRAC can be used to refresh the bad block data or to construct it for the media exceptions above. The /BADBLOCKS qualifier is necessary only to enter bad blocks that are not identified in the volume's bad block data. DIGITAL Storage Architecture (DSA) disks (for example, disks attached to UDA-50 and HSC50 controllers) have bad blocks handled by the controller, and appear logically perfect to the file system. For information on how to run BAD, see the OpenVMS Bad Block Locator Utility Manual. /CLUSTER_SIZE /CLUSTER_SIZE=number-of-blocks Defines, for disk volumes, the minimum allocation unit, in blocks. The maximum size you can specify for a volume is one- hundredth the size of the volume; the minimum size you can specify is calculated with the following formula: disk_size(number_of_blocks) 255*4096 For Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 2 disks, the OpenVMS Cluster size default depends on the disk capacity; disks with less than 50,000 have a default of 1. Disks that are larger than 50,000 have a default of 3, unless this default would break the formula. In this case the minimum value allowed by the equation above is applied. For Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 disks, the cluster size must always be 1. /DATA_CHECK /DATA_CHECK[=(option[,...])] Checks all read and write operations on the disk. By default, no data checks are made. Specify one or both of the following options: READ Checks all read operations. WRITE Checks all write operations; default if only the /DATA_ CHECK qualifier is specified. To override the checking you specify at initialization for disks, enter a MOUNT command to mount the volume. /DENSITY /DENSITY=density-value The /DENSITY qualifier is not applicable to any TK or TF tape device. Valid density values are as follows: 800 6250 HD SINGLE 1600 DD ED DOUBLE To format a diskette on RXnn diskette drives, use the INITIALIZE /DENSITY command. Specify the density at which the diskette is to be formatted as follows: Diskette Density value RX02 SINGLE or DOUBLE RX33 DOUBLE RX26 ED If you do not specify a density value for a diskette being initialized on a drive, the system leaves the volume at the density to which the volume was last formatted. NOTE Diskettes formatted in double density cannot be read or written by the console block storage device (an RX01 drive) of a VAX-11/780 until they have been reformatted in single density. RX33 diskettes cannot be read from or written to by RX50 disk drives. RX50 diskettes can be read from and written to by RX33 disk drives; they cannot be formatted by RX33 disk drives. For magnetic tape volumes, specifies the density in bits per inch (bpi) at which the magnetic tape is to be written. For magnetic tape volumes, the density value specified can be 800 bpi, 1600 bpi, or 6250 bpi, as long as the density is supported by the magnetic tape drive. If you do not specify a density value for a blank magnetic tape, the system uses a default density of the highest value allowed by the tape drive. If the drive allows 6250-, 1600-, and 800-bpi operation, the default density is 6250 bpi. If you do not specify a density value for a magnetic tape that has been previously written, the system uses the density of the first record on the volume. If the record is unusually short, the density value will not default. /DIRECTORIES /DIRECTORIES=number-of-entries Specifies, for disk volumes, the number of entries to preallocate for user directories. The number of entries must be an integer between 16 and 16000. The default value is 16. /ERASE /ERASE /NOERASE (default) Physically destroys deleted data by writing over it. Controls the data security erase (DSE) operation on the volume before initializing it. The /ERASE qualifier applies to Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 2 disk and ANSI magnetic tape volumes, and is valid for magnetic tape devices that support the hardware erase function, such as TU78 and MSCP magnetic tapes. If you specify the /ERASE qualifier, a DSE operation is performed on the volume. For disk devices, the ERASE volume attribute is set. In effect, each file on the volume is erased when it is deleted. Note that the amount of time taken by the DSE operation depends on the volume size; the INITIALIZE/ERASE command is always slower than the INITIALIZE/NOERASE command. /EXTENSION /EXTENSION=number-of-blocks Specifies, for disk volumes, the number of blocks to use as a default extension size for all files on the volume. The extension default is used when a file increases to a size greater than its initial default allocation during an update. For Files-11 On- Disk Structure Level 2 disks, the value for the number-of-blocks parameter can range from 0 to 65,535. The default value is 5. For Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 disks, the value can range from 0 to 255. The OpenVMS operating system uses the default volume extension only if no different extension has been set for the file and no default extension has been set for the process by using the SET RMS_DEFAULT command. /FILE_PROTECTION /FILE_PROTECTION=code Affects Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 disks only. Defines for disk volumes the default protection to be applied to all files on the volume. Specify the code according to the standard syntax rules described in the OpenVMS Guide to System Security. Any attributes not specified are taken from the current default protection. Note that this attribute is not used when the volume is being used on an OpenVMS system, but is provided to control the process's use of the volume on RSX-11M systems. OpenVMS systems always use the default file protection. Use the SET PROTECTION/DEFAULT command to change the default file protection. /GROUP Used in conjunction with the /NOSHARE qualifier to create a group volume. The group volume allows access by system (S), owner (O), and group (G) accessors. The protection is (S:RWCD,O:RWCD,G:RWCD,W). The owner user identification code (UIC) of the volume defaults to your group number and a member number of 0. /HEADERS /HEADERS=number-of-headers Specifies, for disk volumes, the number of file headers to be allocated for the index file. The minimum and default value is 16. The maximum is the value set with the /MAXIMUM_FILES qualifier. This qualifier is useful when you want to create a number of files and want to streamline the process of allocating space for that number of file headers. If you do not specify this qualifier, the file system dynamically allocates space as it is needed for new headers on the volume. NOTE The default value for the /HEADERS qualifier is generally insufficient for ODS-2 disks. To improve performance and avoid SYSTEM-F-HEADERFULL errors, Digital recommends that you set this value to be approximately the number of files that you anticipate having on your disk. However, grossly overestimating this value will result in wasted disk space. The /HEADERS qualifier controls how much space is initially allocated to INDEXF.SYS for headers. Each file on a disk requires at least one file header and each header occupies one block within INDEXF.SYS. Files that have many Access Control Entries (ACE) or are very fragmented may use more than one header. The default value of 16 leaves room for less than 10 files to be created before INDEXF.SYS must extend. Therefore, try to estimate the total number of files that will be created on the disk and specify it here. This will improve disk access performance. Over- estimating the value may lead to wasted disk space. This value cannot be changed without reinitializing the volume. INDEXF.SYS is limited as to how many times it may extend. When the map area in its header (where the retrieval pointers are stored) becomes full, file creation fails with the message "SYSTEM-W-HEADERFULL." /HIGHWATER /HIGHWATER (default) /NOHIGHWATER Affects Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 2 disks only. Sets the file high-water mark (FHM) volume attribute, which guarantees that users cannot read data that they have not written. You cannot specify the /NOHIGHWATER qualifier for magnetic tape. The /NOHIGHWATER qualifier disables FHM for a disk volume. /HOMEBLOCKS /HOMEBLOCKS=option This qualifier applies only to Files-11 ODS-2 volumes. It specifies where the volume's homeblock and spare copy of the homeblock are placed on disk. The value of option can be one of the following: o GEOMETRY Causes the homeblocks to be placed at separate locations on disk, to protect against failure of a disk block. Placement depends on the reported geometry of the disk. o FIXED Causes the homeblocks to be placed at separate fixed locations on the disk; this is the default. Placement is independent of the reported geometry of the disk. This caters for disks that report different geometries according to which type of controller they are attached to. o CONTIGUOUS Causes the homeblocks to be placed contiguously at the start of the disk. This allows container file systems to maximize the amount of contiguous space on the disk, when used with the /INDEX=BEGINNING qualifier. /INDEX /INDEX=position Specifies the location of the index file for the volume's directory structure. Possible positions are as follows: BEGINNING Beginning of the volume MIDDLE Middle of the volume (default) END End of the volume BLOCK:n Beginning of the logical block specified by n /INTERCHANGE Specifies that the magnetic tape will be used for interchange in a heterogeneous vendor environment. The /INTERCHANGE qualifier omits the ANSI VOL2 labels. Under OpenVMS, the ANSI VOL2 labels contain OpenVMS-specific security attributes. For more information on the /INTERCHANGE qualifier and on magnetic tape labeling and tape interchange, see the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual: Essentials. /LABEL /LABEL=option Defines characteristics for the magnetic tape volume label, as directed by the included option. The available options are as follows: o OWNER_IDENTIFIER:"(14 ANSI characters)" Allows you to specify the Owner Identifier field in the volume label. The field specified can accept up to 14 ANSI characters. o VOLUME_ACCESSIBILITY:"character" Specifies the character to be written in the volume accessibility field of the OpenVMS ANSI volume label VOL1 on an ANSI magnetic tape. The character may be any valid ANSI "a" character. This set of characters includes numeric characters, uppercase letters, and any one of the following nonalphanumeric characters: ! " % ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? By default, the OpenVMS operating system provides a routine that checks this field in the following manner. o If the magnetic tape was created on a version of the OpenVMS operating system that conforms to Version 3 of ANSI, then this option must be used to override any character other than an ASCII space. o If a protection is specified and the magnetic tape conforms to an ANSI standard that is later than Version 3, then this option must be used to override any character other than an ASCII 1. If you specify any character other than the default, you must specify the /OVERRIDE=ACCESSIBILITY qualifier on the INITIALIZE and MOUNT commands in order to access the magnetic tape. /MAXIMUM_FILES /MAXIMUM_FILES=n Restricts the maximum number of files that the volume can contain. The /MAXIMUM_FILES qualifier overrides the default value, which is calculated as follows: volume_size_in_blocks_ (cluster factor+1)*2 The maximum size you can specify for any volume is as follows: volume_size_in_blocks (cluster factor+1) The minimum value is 0. Note that the maximum can be increased only by reinitializing the volume. NOTE The /MAXIMUM_FILES qualifier does not reserve or create space for new file headers on a volume. The file system dynamically allocates space as it is needed for new headers. /MEDIA_FORMAT /MEDIA_FORMAT=[NO]COMPACTION Controls whether data records are automatically compacted and blocked together on any device that supports data compaction. Data compaction and record blocking increase the amount of data that can be stored on a single tape cartridge. Note that once data compaction or non-compaction has been selected for a given cartridge, that same status applies to the entire cartridge. /OVERRIDE /OVERRIDE=(option[,...]) Requests the INITIALIZE command to ignore data on a magnetic tape volume that protects it from being overwritten. You can specify one or more of the following options: ACCESSIBILITY (For magnetic tapes only.) If the installation allows, this option overrides any character in the Accessibility field of the volume. The necessity of this option is defined by the installation. That is, each installation has the option of specifying a routine that the magnetic tape file system will use to process this field. By default, OpenVMS provides a routine that checks this field in the following manner. If the magnetic tape was created on a version of OpenVMS that conforms to Version 3 of ANSI, this option must be used to override any character other than an ASCII space. If a protection is specified and the magnetic tape conforms to an ANSI standard that is higher than Version 3, this option must be used to override any character other than an ASCII 1. To use the ACCESSIBILITY option, you must have the user privilege VOLPRO or be the owner of the volume. EXPIRATION (For magnetic tapes only.) Allows you to write to a tape that has not yet reached its expiration date. You may need to do this for magnetic tapes that were created before VAX/VMS Version 4.0 on Digital operating systems using the D% format in the volume Owner Identifier field. You must have the user privilege VOLPRO to override volume protection, or your UIC must match the UIC written on the volume. OWNER_ Allows you to override the processing of the IDENTIFIER Owner Identifier field of the volume label. If you specify only one option, you can omit the parentheses. To initialize a volume that was initialized previously with the /PROTECTION qualifier, your UIC must match the UIC written on the volume or you must have VOLPRO privilege. You can initialize a volume previously initialized with /PROTECTION if you have control access. /OWNER_UIC /OWNER_UIC=uic Specifies an owner user identification code (UIC) for the volume. The default is your default UIC. Specify the UIC using standard UIC format as described in the OpenVMS Guide to System Security. For magnetic tapes, no UIC is written unless protection on the magnetic tape is specified. If protection is specified, but no owner UIC is specified, your current UIC is assigned ownership of the volume. /PROTECTION /PROTECTION=(ownership[:access][,...]) Applies the specified protection to the volume. o Specify the ownership parameter as system (S), owner (O), group (G), or world (W). o Specify the access parameter as read (R), write (W), create (C), or delete (D). The default is your default protection. Note that the /GROUP, /SHARE, and /SYSTEM qualifiers can also be used to define protection for disk volumes. For magnetic tape, the protection code is written to an OpenVMS specific volume label. The system applies only read (R) and write (W) access restrictions; create and delete (D) access are meaningless. Moreover, the system and the owner are always given both read (R) and write (W) access to magnetic tapes, regardless of the protection code you specify. For more information on specifying protection code, see the OpenVMS Guide to System Security. Any attributes not specified are taken from the current default protection. When you specify a protection code for an entire disk volume, the access type E (execute) indicates create access. /SHARE /SHARE (default) /NOSHARE Permits all categories of access by all categories of ownership. The /NOSHARE qualifier denies access to group (unless the /GROUP qualifier is also specified) and world processes. /SIZE /SIZE=n Specifies the size of the DECram disk (device type DT$_RAM_ DISK) to be allocated from available memory. The size of the device is created at disk initialization time. Note that n cannot exceed 524,280 blocks. To deallocate space, specify /SIZE=0. All resources specifically allocated to the DECram disk are returned to the system. /STRUCTURE /STRUCTURE=level Specifies whether the volume should be formatted in Files-11 On- Disk Structure Level 1 or 2 (the default). Structure Level 1 is incompatible with the /DATA_CHECK and /CLUSTER_SIZE qualifiers. The default protection for a Structure Level 1 disk is full access to system, owner, and group, and read (R) access to all other users. Note that Alpha does not support Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 disks. Specifying 1 on Alpha results in an error. /SYSTEM Requires a system UIC or SYSPRV (system privilege) privilege. Defines a system volume. The owner UIC defaults to [1,1]. Protection defaults to complete access by all ownership categories, except that only system processes can create top- level directories. /USER_NAME /USER_NAME=name Specifies a user name to be associated with the volume. The name must be 1 to 12 alphanumeric characters. The default is your user name. /VERIFIED /VERIFIED /NOVERIFIED Indicates whether the disk has bad block data on it. Use the /NOVERIFIED qualifier to ignore bad block data on the disk. The default is the /VERIFIED qualifier for disks with 4096 blocks or more and the /NOVERIFIED qualifier for disks with less than 4096 blocks. /WINDOWS /WINDOWS=n Specifies the number of mapping pointers (used to access data in the file) to be allocated for file windows. The value can be an integer in the range of 7 to 80. The default is 7. 2 Examples 1.$ INITIALIZE/USER_NAME=CPA $FLOPPY1 ACCOUNTS Initializes the volume on $FLOPPY1, labels the volume ACCOUNTS, and gives the volume a user name of CPA. 2.$ ALLOCATE DMA2: TEMP _DMA2: ALLOCATED $ INITIALIZE TEMP: BACK_UP_FILE $ MOUNT TEMP: BACK_UP_FILE %MOUNT-I-MOUNTED, BACK_UP_FILE mounted on _DMA2: $ CREATE/DIRECTORY TEMP:[ARCHIE] The previous sequence of commands shows how to initialize an RK06/RK07 volume. First, the device is allocated, to ensure that no one else can access it. Then, when the volume is physically mounted on the device, the INITIALIZE command initializes it. When the volume is initialized, the MOUNT command makes the file structure available. Before you can place any files on the volume, you must create a directory, as shown by the CREATE/DIRECTORY command. 3.$ ALLOCATE MT: _MTB1: ALLOCATED $ INITIALIZE MTB1: SOURCE $ MOUNT MTB1: SOURCE %MOUNT-I-MOUNTED, SOURCE mounted on _MTB1: $ COPY *.FOR MTB1: $ DIRECTORY MTB1: . . . $ DISMOUNT MTB1: These commands show the procedure necessary to initialize a magnetic tape. After allocating a drive, the magnetic tape is loaded on the device, and the INITIALIZE command writes the label SOURCE on it. Then, the MOUNT command mounts the magnetic tape so that files can be written on it. 4.$ BACKUP filespec MUA0: ... /MEDIA_FORMAT=NOCOMPACTION- _$/REWIND This example creates a BACKUP tape with compaction and record blocking disabled. 2 /QUEUE Creates or initializes queues. You use this command to create queues and to assign them names and options. The /BATCH qualifier is required to create a batch queue. Requires OPER (operator) privilege to create queues and manage (M) access to modify queues. Format INITIALIZE/QUEUE queue-name[:] 3 Parameter queue-name[:] Specifies the name of an execution queue or a generic queue. The queue name may be a string of 1 to 31 characters. The character string can include any uppercase and lowercase letters, digits, the dollar sign ($), and the underscore (_), and must include at least one alphabetic character. 3 Qualifiers /AUTOSTART_ON /AUTOSTART_ON=(node::[device][,...]) Designates the queue as an autostart execution queue and specifies the node, or node and device, on which the queue can be located. For batch queues, only node is applicable. In a cluster, you can specify more than one node (or node and device) on which a queue can run, in the preferred order in which nodes should claim the queue. This allows the queue to fail over to another node if the node on which the queue is running leaves the cluster. When you enter the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command with the /AUTOSTART_ ON qualifier, you must initially activate the queue for autostart, either by specifying the /START qualifier with the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command or by entering a START/QUEUE command. However, the queue will not begin processing jobs until the ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES command is entered for a node on which the queue can run. This qualifier cannot be used in conjunction with the /ON or /GENERIC qualifier. However, if you are reinitializing an existing queue, you can specify the /AUTOSTART_ON qualifier for a queue previously created or started with the /ON qualifier. Doing so overrides the /ON qualifier and makes the queue an autostart queue. For more information about autostart queues, see the chapter about queues in OpenVMS System Manager's Manual: Essentials. /BASE_PRIORITY /BASE_PRIORITY=n Specifies the base process priority at which jobs are initiated from a batch execution queue. By default, if you omit the qualifier, jobs are initiated at the same priority as the base priority established by DEFPRI at system generation (usually 4). The base priority specifier can be any decimal value from 0 to 15. You also can specify this qualifier for an output execution queue. In this context the /BASE_PRIORITY qualifier establishes the base priority of the symbiont process when the symbiont process is created. /BATCH /BATCH /NOBATCH (default) Specifies that you are initializing a batch queue. If you are reinitializing an existing queue, you can use the /BATCH qualifier only if the queue was created as a batch queue. A batch queue is classified as either an execution queue or a generic queue. By default, the /BATCH qualifier initializes an execution queue. To specify a generic batch queue, use the /GENERIC qualifier together with the /BATCH qualifier. The /BATCH and /DEVICE qualifiers are mutually exclusive; the /NOBATCH and /NODEVICE qualifiers cannot be used together. /BLOCK_LIMIT /BLOCK_LIMIT=([lowlim,]uplim) /NOBLOCK_LIMIT (default) Limits the size of print jobs that can be processed on an output execution queue. The /BLOCK_LIMIT qualifier allows you to reserve certain printers for certain size jobs. You must specify at least one of the parameters. The lowlim parameter is a decimal number referring to the minimum number of blocks accepted by the queue for a print job. If a print job is submitted that contains fewer blocks than the lowlim value, the job remains pending until the block limit for the queue is changed. After the block limit for the queue is decreased sufficiently, the job is processed. The uplim parameter is a decimal number referring to the maximum number of blocks that the queue accepts for a print job. If a print job is submitted that exceeds this value, the job remains pending until the block limit for the queue is changed. After the block limit for the queue is increased sufficiently, the job is processed. If you specify only an upper limit for jobs, you can omit the parentheses. For example, /BLOCK_LIMIT=1000 means that only jobs with 1000 blocks or less are processed in the queue. To specify only a lower job limit, you must use a null string ("") to indicate the upper specifier. For example, /BLOCK_LIMIT=(500,"") means any job with 500 or more blocks is processed in the queue. You can specify both a lower and upper limit. For example, /BLOCK_LIMIT=(200,2000) means that jobs with less than 200 blocks or more than 2000 blocks are not processed in the queue. The /NOBLOCK_LIMIT qualifier cancels the previous setting established by the /BLOCK_LIMIT qualifier for that queue. /CHARACTERISTICS /CHARACTERISTICS=(characteristic[,...]) /NOCHARACTERISTICS (default) Specifies one or more characteristics for processing jobs on an execution queue. If you specify only one characteristic, you can omit the parentheses. If a queue does not have all the characteristics that have been specified for a job, the job remains pending. Each time you specify the /CHARACTERISTICS qualifier, all previously set characteristics are cancelled. Only the characteristics specified with the qualifier are established for the queue. Queue characteristics are installation specific. The characteristic parameter can be either a value from 0 to 127 or a characteristic name that has been defined by the DEFINE /CHARACTERISTIC command. The /NOCHARACTERISTICS qualifier cancels any settings previously established by the /CHARACTERISTICS qualifier for that queue. /CLOSE Prevents jobs from being entered in the queue through PRINT or SUBMIT commands or as a result of requeue operations. To allow jobs to be entered, use the /OPEN qualifier. Whether a queue accepts or rejects new job entries is independent of the queue's state (such as paused, stopped, or stalled). When a queue is marked closed, jobs executing continue to execute. Jobs pending in the queue continue to be candidates for execution. /CPUDEFAULT /CPUDEFAULT=time Defines the default CPU time limit for all jobs in this batch execution queue. You can specify time as delta time, 0, INFINITE, or NONE (default). You can specify up to 497 days of delta time. If the queue does not have a specified CPUMAXIMUM time limit and the value established in the user authorization file (UAF) has a specified CPU time limit of NONE, either the value 0 or the keyword INFINITE allows unlimited CPU time. If you specify NONE, the CPU time value defaults to the value specified either in the UAF or by the SUBMIT command (if included). CPU time values must be greater than or equal to the number specified by the system parameter PQL_MCPULM. The time cannot exceed the CPU time limit set by the /CPUMAXIMUM qualifier. For information on specifying delta time, see the OpenVMS User's Manual or the topic SPECIFY Date_Time in online help. /CPUMAXIMUM /CPUMAXIMUM=time Defines the maximum CPU time limit for all jobs in a batch execution queue. You can specify time as delta time, 0, INFINITE, or NONE (default). You can specify up to 497 days of delta time. The /CPUMAXIMUM qualifier overrides the time limit specified in the user authorization file (UAF) for any user submitting a job to the queue. Either the value 0 or the keyword INFINITE allows unlimited CPU time. If you specify NONE, the CPU time value defaults to the value specified either in the UAF or by the SUBMIT command (if included). CPU time values must be greater than or equal to the number specified by the system parameter PQL_MCPULM. For information on specifying delta times, see the OpenVMS User's Manual or the topic Specify DATE_TIME in online help. A CPU time limit for processes is specified by each user record in the system UAF. You also can specify the following: a default CPU time limit or a maximum CPU time limit for all jobs in a given queue, or a default CPU time limit for individual jobs in the queue. The following table shows the action taken for each value specified and possible combinations of specifications. Default CPU Time CPU Time Maximum CPU Limit Limit Time Limit Specified by Specified Specified the SUBMIT for the for the Command? Queue? Queue? Action Taken No No No Use the UAF value. Yes No No Use the smaller of SUBMIT command and UAF values. Yes Yes No Use the smaller of SUBMIT command and UAF values. Yes No Yes Use the smaller of SUBMIT command and queue's maximum values. Yes Yes Yes Use the smaller of SUBMIT command and queue's maximum values. No Yes Yes Use the smaller of queue's default and maximum values. No No Yes Use the maximum value. No Yes No Use the smaller of UAF and queue's default values. /DEFAULT /DEFAULT=(option[,...]) /NODEFAULT Establishes defaults for certain options of the PRINT command. Defaults are specified by the list of options. If you specify only one option, you can omit the parentheses. After you set an option for the queue with the /DEFAULT qualifier, you do not have to specify that option in your PRINT command. If you do specify these options in your PRINT command, the values specified with the PRINT command override the values established for the queue with the /DEFAULT qualifier. You cannot use the /DEFAULT qualifier with the /GENERIC qualifier. Possible options are as follows: [NO]BURST[=keyword] Controls whether two file flag pages with a burst bar between them are printed preceding output. If you specify the value ALL (default), these flag pages are printed before each file in the job. If you specify the value ONE, these flag pages are printed once before the first file in the job. [NO]FEED Controls whether a form feed is inserted automatically at the end of a page. [NO]FLAG[=keyword] Controls whether a file flag page is printed preceding output. If you specify the value ALL (default), a file flag page is printed before each file in the job. If you specify the value ONE, a file flag page is printed once before the first file in the job. FORM=type Specifies the default form for an output execution queue. If a job is submitted without an explicit form definition, this form is used to process the job. If no form type is explicitly specified with the FORM keyword, the system assigns the form DEFAULT to the queue. See also the description of the /FORM_MOUNTED=type qualifier. [NO]TRAILER[=keyword] Controls whether a file trailer page is printed following output. If you specify the value ALL (default), a file trailer page is printed after each file in the job. If you specify the value ONE, a trailer page is printed once after the last file in the job. When you specify the BURST option for a file, the [NO]FLAG option does not add or subtract a flag page from the two flag pages that are printed preceding the file. For information on establishing mandatory queue options, see the description of the /SEPARATE qualifier. For more information on specifying default queue options, see the chapter on queues in the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual. /DESCRIPTION /DESCRIPTION=string /NODESCRIPTION (default) Specifies a string of up to 255 characters used to provide operator-supplied information about the queue. Enclose strings containing lowercase letters, blanks, or other nonalphanumeric characters (including spaces) in quotation marks (" "). The /NODESCRIPTION qualifier removes any descriptive text that may be associated with the queue. /DEVICE /DEVICE[=option] /NODEVICE Specifies that you are initializing an output queue of a particular type. If you are reinitializing an existing queue, you can use the /DEVICE qualifier only if the queue was created as an output queue. Possible options are as follows: PRINTER Indicates a printer queue. SERVER Indicates a server queue. A server queue is controlled by the user-modified or user-written symbiont specified with the /PROCESSOR qualifier. TERMINAL Indicates a terminal queue. If you specify the /DEVICE qualifier without a queue type, the /DEVICE=PRINTER qualifier is used by default. An output queue is classified as either an execution or generic queue. By default, the /DEVICE qualifier initializes an execution queue of the designated type. To specify a generic printer, server, or terminal queue, use the /GENERIC qualifier with the /DEVICE qualifier. You specify the queue type with the /DEVICE qualifier for informational purposes. When an output execution queue is started, the symbiont associated with the queue determines the actual queue type. The standard symbiont examines device characteristics to establish whether the queue should be marked as printer or terminal. By convention, user-modified and user- written symbionts mark the queue as a server queue. The device type of a generic queue need not match the device type of its execution queues. The /DEVICE and /BATCH qualifiers are mutually exclusive; the /NODEVICE and /NOBATCH qualifiers cannot be used together. /DISABLE_SWAPPING /DISABLE_SWAPPING /NODISABLE_SWAPPING (default) Controls whether batch jobs executed from a queue can be swapped in and out of memory. /ENABLE_GENERIC /ENABLE_GENERIC (default) /NOENABLE_GENERIC Specifies whether files queued to a generic queue that does not specify explicit queue names with the /GENERIC qualifier can be placed in this execution queue for processing. For more information, see the description of the /GENERIC qualifier. /FORM_MOUNTED /FORM_MOUNTED=type Specifies the mounted form for an output execution queue. If no form type is explicitly specified, the system assigns the form DEFAULT to the queue. If the stock of the mounted form does not match the stock of the default form, as indicated by the /DEFAULT=FORM qualifier, all jobs submitted to this queue without an explicit form definition enter a pending state and remains pending until the stock of the mounted form of the queue is identical to the stock of the form associated with the job. If a job is submitted with an explicit form and the stock of the explicit form is not identical to the stock of the mounted form, the job enters a pending state and remains pending until the stock of the mounted form of the queue is identical to the stock of the form associated with the job. To specify the form type, use either a numeric value or a form name that has been defined by the DEFINE/FORM command. Form types are installation-specific. You cannot use the /FORM_MOUNTED qualifier with the /GENERIC qualifier. /GENERIC /GENERIC[=(queue-name[,...])] /NOGENERIC (default) Specifies a generic queue. Also specifies that jobs placed in this queue can be moved for processing to compatible execution queues. The /GENERIC qualifier optionally accepts a list of target execution queues that have been previously defined. For a generic batch queue, these target queues must be batch execution queues. For a generic output queue, these target queues must be output execution queues, but can be of any type (printer, server, or terminal). For example, a generic printer queue can feed a mixture of printer and terminal execution queues. If you do not specify any target execution queues with the /GENERIC qualifier, jobs can be moved to any execution queue that (1) is initialized with the /ENABLE_GENERIC qualifier, and (2) is the same type (batch or output) as the generic queue. To define the queue as a generic batch or output queue, you use the /GENERIC qualifier with either the /BATCH or the /DEVICE qualifier. If you specify neither /BATCH nor /DEVICE on creation of a generic queue, the queue becomes a generic printer queue by default. You cannot use the /SEPARATE qualifier with the /GENERIC qualifier. /JOB_LIMIT /JOB_LIMIT=n Indicates the number of batch jobs that can be executed concurrently from the queue. Specify a number in the range 1 to 255. The job limit default value for n is 1. /LIBRARY /LIBRARY=filename /NOLIBRARY Specifies the file name for the device control library. When you initialize an output execution queue, you can use the /LIBRARY qualifier to specify an alternate device control library. The default library is SYS$LIBRARY:SYSDEVCTL.TLB. You can use only a file name as the parameter of the /LIBRARY qualifier. The system always assumes that the file is located in SYS$LIBRARY and that the file type is TLB. /NAME_OF_MANAGER /NAME_OF_MANAGER=name Identifies the name of the queue manager to control the queue. Once the queue is created, the queue manager assignment may not be altered. If the /NAME_OF_MANAGER qualifier is omitted, then the default name SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER is used. If the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command is used to modify a queue, and that queue is not controlled by the default queue manager, then the name of the controlling queue manager should be specified with /NAME_OF_MANAGER qualifier. Alternately, the logical name SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER can be defined to be the correct queue manager, making that queue manager the default for the current process. /NO_INITIAL_FF /NO_INITIAL_FF /NONO_INITIAL_FF (default) Allows user to specify whether a form feed should be sent to a printer device when a queue starts. To suppress the initial form feed, use the /NO_INITIAL_FF qualifier. The /NONO_INITIAL_FF qualifier sends a form feed to the output device to ensure the paper is at the top of a page before printing begins. /ON /ON=[node::]device[:] (printer, terminal, server queue) /ON=node:: (batch queue) Specifies the node or device, or both, on which this execution queue is located. For batch execution queues, you can specify only the node name. For output execution queues, you can include both the node name and the device name. By default, a queue executes on the same node from which you start the queue. The default device parameter is the same as the queue name. The node name is used in OpenVMS Cluster systems; it must match the node name specified by the system parameter SCSNODE for the OpenVMS computer on which the queue executes. You cannot use the /ON qualifier with the /AUTOSTART_ON or /GENERIC qualifier. However, if you are reinitializing an existing queue, you can specify the /ON qualifier for a queue previously created or started with the /AUTOSTART_ON qualifier. Doing so overrides the /AUTOSTART_ON option and makes the queue a nonautostart queue. /OPEN /OPEN (default) Allows jobs to be entered in the queue through PRINT or SUBMIT commands or as the result of requeue operations. To prevent jobs from being entered in the queue, use the /CLOSE qualifier. Whether a queue accepts or rejects new job entries is independent of the queue's state (such as paused, stopped, or stalled). /OWNER_UIC /OWNER_UIC=uic Enables you to change the user identification code (UIC) of the queue. Specify the UIC by using standard UIC format as described in the OpenVMS Guide to System Security. The default UIC is [1,4]. /PROCESSOR /PROCESSOR=filename /NOPROCESSOR Allows you to specify your own print symbiont for an output execution queue. You can use any valid file name as a parameter of the /PROCESSOR qualifier. The system supplies the device and directory name SYS$SYSTEM and the file type EXE. If you use this qualifier for an output queue, it specifies that the symbiont image to be executed is SYS$SYSTEM:filename.EXE. By default, SYS$SYSTEM:PRTSMB.EXE is the symbiont image associated with an output execution queue. The /NOPROCESSOR qualifier cancels any previous setting established with the /PROCESSOR qualifier and causes SYS$SYSTEM:PRTSMB.EXE to be used. /PROTECTION /PROTECTION=(ownership[:access],...) Specifies the protection of the queue. o Specify the ownership parameter as system (S), owner (O), group (G), or world (W). o Specify the access parameter as read (R), submit (S), manage (M), or delete (D). A null access specification means no access. The default protection is (SYSTEM:M, OWNER:D, GROUP:R, WORLD:S). If you include only one protection code, you can omit the parentheses. For more information on specifying protection codes, see the OpenVMS Guide to System Security. For more information on controlling queue operations through UIC-based protection, see the chapter on queues in the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual. /RECORD_BLOCKING /RECORD_BLOCKING (default) /NORECORD_BLOCKING Determines whether the symbiont can concatenate (or block together) output records for transmission to the output device. If you specify the /NORECORD_BLOCKING qualifier, the symbiont sends each formatted record in a separate I/O request to the output device. For the standard OpenVMS print symbiont, record blocking can have a significant performance advantage over single-record mode. /RETAIN /RETAIN[=option] /NORETAIN (default) Holds jobs in the queue in a retained state after they have executed. The /NORETAIN qualifier enables you to reset the queue to the default. Possible options are as follows: ALL Holds all jobs in the queue after execution. (default) ERROR Holds in the queue only jobs that complete unsuccessfully. A user can request a job retention option for a job by specifying the /RETAIN qualifier with the PRINT, SUBMIT, or SET ENTRY command. However, the job retention option you specify for a queue overrides any job retention option requested by a user for a job in that queue. /SCHEDULE /SCHEDULE=SIZE (default) /SCHEDULE=NOSIZE Specifies whether pending jobs in an output execution queue are scheduled for printing based on the size of the job. When the default qualifier /SCHEDULE=SIZE is in effect, shorter jobs print before longer ones. When the /SCHEDULE=NOSIZE qualifier is in effect, jobs are printed in the order they were submitted, regardless of size. If you enter this command while there are pending jobs in any queue, its effect on future jobs is unpredictable. /SEPARATE /SEPARATE=(option[,...]) /NOSEPARATE (default) Specifies the mandatory queue options, or job separation options, for an output execution queue. Job separation options cannot be overridden by the PRINT command. You cannot use the /SEPARATE qualifier with the /GENERIC qualifier. The job separation options are as follows: [NO]BURST Specifies whether two job flag pages with a burst bar between them are printed at the beginning of each job. [NO]FLAG Specifies whether a job flag page is printed at the beginning of each job. [NO]TRAILER Specifies whether a job trailer page is printed at the end of each job. [NO]RESET=(module[,...]Specifies one or more device control library modules that contain the job reset sequence for the queue. The specified modules from the queue's device control library (by default SYS$LIBRARY:SYSDEVCTL) are used to reset the device at the end of each job. The RESET sequence occurs after any file trailer and before any job trailer. Thus, all job separation pages are printed when the device is in its RESET state. When you specify the /SEPARATE=BURST qualifier, the [NO]FLAG separation option does not add or subtract a flag page from the two flag pages that are printed preceding the job. For information on establishing queue options that can be overridden, see the description of the /DEFAULT qualifier. For more information on specifying mandatory queue options, see the chapter on queues in the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual. /START /START /NOSTART (default) Starts the queue being initialized by the current INITIALIZE /QUEUE command. For autostart queues, this qualifier activates the queue for autostart. The queue begins processing jobs when autostart is enabled with the ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES command on any node on which the queue can run. /WSDEFAULT /WSDEFAULT=n Defines for a batch job a working set default, the default number of physical pages that the job can use. The value set by this qualifier overrides the value defined in the user authorization file (UAF) of any user submitting a job to the queue. Specify the value of n as a number of 512-byte pagelets on Alpha systems or 512-byte pages on VAX. Note that OpenVMS rounds this value up to the nearest CPU-specific page so that actual amount of physical memory allowed may be larger than the specified amount on Alpha. For further information, see the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual. If you specify 0 or NONE, the working set default value defaults to the value specified in the UAF or by the SUBMIT command (if it includes a WSDEFAULT value). You also can specify this qualifier for an output execution queue. Used in this context, the /WSDEFAULT qualifier establishes the working set default of the symbiont process for an output execution queue when the symbiont process is created. /WSEXTENT /WSEXTENT=n Defines for the batch job a working set extent, the maximum amount of physical memory that the job can use. The job only uses the maximum amount of physical memory when the system has excess free pages. The value set by this qualifier overrides the value defined in the user authorization file (UAF) of any user submitting a job to the queue. Specify the value of n as a number of 512-byte pagelets on Alpha or and 512-byte pages on VAX. Note that OpenVMS rounds this value up to the nearest CPU-specific page so that actual amount of physical memory allowed may be larger than the specified amount on Alpha. If you specify 0 or NONE, the working set extent value defaults to the value specified in the UAF or by the SUBMIT command (if it includes a WSEXTENT value). You also can specify this qualifier for an output execution queue. Used in this context, the /WSEXTENT qualifier establishes the working set extent of the symbiont process for an output execution queue when the symbiont process is created. /WSQUOTA /WSQUOTA=n Defines for a batch job a working set quota, the amount of physical memory that is guaranteed to the job. The value set by this qualifier overrides the value defined in the user authorization file (UAF) of any user submitting a job to the queue. Specify the value of n as a number of 512-byte pagelets on OpenVMS Alpha or 512-byte pages on OpenVMS VAX. OpenVMS rounds this value up to the nearest CPU-specific page so that actual amount of physical memory allowed may be larger than the specified amount on OpenVMS Alpha. For further information, see the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual. If you specify 0 or NONE, the working set quota value defaults to the value specified in the UAF or by the SUBMIT command (if it includes a WSQUOTA value). You also can specify this qualifier for an output execution queue. Used in this context, the /WSQUOTA qualifier establishes the working set quota of the symbiont process for an output execution queue when the symbiont process is created. Working set default, working set quota, and working set extent values are included in each user record in the system UAF. You can specify working set values for individual jobs or for all jobs in a given queue. The decision table shows the action taken for different combinations of specifications that involve working set values. Is the SUBMIT Is the command value queue value specified? specified? Action taken No No Use the UAF value. No Yes Use value for the queue. Yes Yes Use smaller of the two values. Yes No Compare specified value with UAF value; use the smaller. 3 Examples 1.$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/BATCH/START - _$ /AUTOSTART_ON=(DATA::, WARF::, DEANNA::) BATCH_1 The INITIALIZE/QUEUE command in this example creates the batch queue BATCH_1, and designates it as an autostart queue capable of executing on node DATA, WARF, or DEANNA. The /START qualifier activates the queue for autostart. The queue will begin executing on the first node (in the list of nodes specified) for which the ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES command is entered. If the node on which BATCH_1 is executing is taken out of the OpenVMS Cluster, the queue will be stopped on that node and will fail over to the first available node in the node list on which autostart is enabled for a queue manager SYS$QUEUE_ MANAGER. As long as autostart is enabled on one of the nodes in the list, this queue will be started and available to execute batch jobs. If all three nodes in the example are shut down or if autostart is disabled, the queue will remain stopped until one of the three nodes in the node list joins the cluster and executes the ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES command. The ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES and INITIALIZE/QUEUE commands affect only the queues managed by the default queue manager SYS$QUEUE_MANAGER because the /NAME_OF_MANAGER qualifier is not specified. 2.$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/BATCH/JOB_LIMIT=3 SYS$BATCH $ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/BATCH/JOB_LIMIT=1/WSEXTENT=2000 BIG_BATCH In this example, the first INITIALIZE/QUEUE command creates a batch queue called SYS$BATCH that can be used for any batch job. The /JOB_LIMIT qualifier allows three jobs to execute concurrently. The second INITIALIZE/QUEUE command creates a second batch queue called BIG_BATCH that is designed for large jobs. Only one job can execute at a time. The working set extent can be as high as 125 pages on OpenVMS Alpha (on a system with 8KB pages) or 2000 pages on OpenVMS VAX. 3.$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/DEFAULT=(FLAG,TRAILER=ONE)- _$ /ON=LPA0: LPA0_PRINT $ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/DEFAULT=(FLAG,TRAILER=ONE)- _$ /BLOCK_LIMIT=(1000,"")/ON=LPB0: LPB0_PRINT $ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/GENERIC=(LPA0_PRINT,LPB0_PRINT) SYS$PRINT $ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/FORM_MOUNTED=LETTER- _$ /BLOCK_LIMIT=50/ON=TXA5: LQP In this example, the first three INITIALIZE/QUEUE commands set up printer queues. Both queue LPA0_PRINT and LPB0_PRINT are set up to put a flag page before each file within a job and a trailer page after only the last page in a job. In addition, LPB0_PRINT has a minimum block size of 1000. Thus only print jobs larger than 1000 blocks can execute on that queue. SYS$PRINT is established as a generic queue that can direct jobs to either LPA0_PRINT or LPB0_PRINT. Jobs that are too small to run on LPB0_PRINT will be queued from SYS$PRINT to LPA0_PRINT. The last INITIALIZE/QUEUE command sets up a terminal queue on TXA5. A job queued with a form that has a stock type other than the stock type of form LETTER remains pending in the queue until a form with the same stock type is mounted on the queue, or until the entry is deleted from the queue or moved to another queue. LETTER has been established at this site to indicate special letterhead paper. The block size limit is 50, indicating that this queue is reserved for jobs smaller than 51 blocks.
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